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title = "Übersetzung: 3D Modeling and CAD"
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title = "3D-Modellierung und CAD"
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date = 2018-07-05
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authors = ["Aron Petau"]
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description = "Modelling and Scanning in 3D using Fusion360, Sketchfab, and Photogrammetry"
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description = "3D-Modellierung und -Scan mit Fusion360, Sketchfab und Photogrammetrie"
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[taxonomies]
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tags = [
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## 3D Modeling and CAD
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## 3D-Modellierung und CAD
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### Designing 3D Objects
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### Gestaltung von 3D-Objekten
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While learning about 3D Printing, I was most intrigued by the possibility to modify and repair existing products. While there is an amazing community with lots of good and free models around, naturally I came to a point where I did not find what I was looking for readily designed. I realized this is an essential skill for effectively operating not just 3D Printers, but any productive machine really.
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Beim Erlernen des 3D-Drucks hat mich vor allem die Möglichkeit fasziniert, bestehende Produkte zu verändern oder zu reparieren.
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Auch wenn es eine großartige Community mit vielen guten und kostenlosen Modellen gibt, bin ich schnell an den Punkt gekommen, an dem ich nicht fand, was ich suchte.
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Mir wurde klar, dass dies eine wesentliche Fähigkeit ist, um nicht nur 3D-Drucker, sondern grundsätzlich jede Art von Produktionsmaschine sinnvoll zu nutzen.
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Since youtube was the place I was learning all about 3D Printing, and all the people that I looked up to there were using Fusion 360 as their CAD Program that’s what I got into.
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In hindsight, that was a pretty good choice and I am in love with the abilities parametric design gives me.
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Below you will find some of my designs.
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The process is something that I enjoy a lot and wish to dive into deeper.
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Da ich alles über 3D-Druck auf YouTube gelernt habe und dort fast alle mit **Fusion 360** arbeiteten, habe ich mich ebenfalls dafür entschieden.
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Rückblickend war das eine sehr gute Wahl – ich habe mich in die Möglichkeiten des **parametrischen Designs** verliebt.
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Unten findest du einige meiner Entwürfe.
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Der Prozess selbst macht mir unglaublich viel Spaß und ich möchte ihn noch weiter vertiefen.
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By trial and error, I already learned a lot about designing specifically for 3D Printing, but I often feel that there are many aesthetic considerations in design that I am not familiar with.
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I want to broaden my general ability to design physical objects, which is something I hope to gain during my master’s.
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Durch Ausprobieren habe ich bereits viel darüber gelernt, wie man speziell für den 3D-Druck konstruiert.
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Trotzdem habe ich oft das Gefühl, dass mir ein tieferes Verständnis für **ästhetische Gestaltung** fehlt.
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Ich möchte meine generelle Fähigkeit erweitern, physische Objekte zu entwerfen – etwas, das ich mir im Masterstudium erhoffe.
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539feb2bfae6da3d872?mode=embed" width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539feb2bfae6da3d872?mode=embed"
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width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c53974bf27fea6ee1a20?mode=embed" width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c53974bf27fea6ee1a20?mode=embed"
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width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539ed795f9645d8b981?mode=embed" width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539ed795f9645d8b981?mode=embed"
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width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539bc7225ced67e5e92?mode=embed" width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539bc7225ced67e5e92?mode=embed"
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width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c5397f64c69f2093b1b5?mode=embed" width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c5397f64c69f2093b1b5?mode=embed"
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width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539e8166aea2f430aed?mode=embed" width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539e8166aea2f430aed?mode=embed"
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width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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{{ image(url="/images/breast_candle.jpg", alt="A candle made of a 3D scan, found on <https://hiddenbeauty.ch/>", pixels=true, start=true) }}
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{{ image(url="/images/breast_candle.jpg", alt="Eine Kerze aus einem 3D-Scan, gefunden auf <https://hiddenbeauty.ch/>", pixels=true, start=true) }}
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Check out more of my finished designs in the Prusaprinters (now Printables) Community
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Mehr meiner fertigen Designs findest du in der **Printables Community** (früher Prusaprinters):
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<div class="buttons">
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<a class="colored external" href="https://www.printables.com/social/97957-arontaupe/models">My Printables Profile</a>
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<a class="colored external" href="https://www.printables.com/social/97957-arontaupe/models">Mein Printables-Profil</a>
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</div>
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{{ image(url="/images/vulva_candle.jpg", alt="A candle created with a 3D printed mold made in Fusion360", pixels=true, start=true) }}
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{{ image(url="/images/vulva_candle.jpg", alt="Eine Kerze, erstellt mit einer 3D-gedruckten Form aus Fusion360", pixels=true, start=true) }}
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## 3D Scanning and Photogrammetry
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## 3D-Scannen und Photogrammetrie
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Besides coming up with new objects, incorporating the real world is also an interest of mine.
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Neben dem Entwerfen neuer Objekte interessiert mich auch die Integration der **realen Welt** in meine Arbeit.
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### Interaction with real objects and environments
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### Interaktion mit realen Objekten und Umgebungen
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In the last few years I have played around with a few smartphone cameras and was always quite sad, that my scans were never quite accurate enough to do cool stuff with them.
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I could not really afford real 3D scanner and had already started cobbling together a raspberry Pi camera with a cheap TOF sensor, which is a simple, but not quite as good replacement for a laser or a lidar sensor, but then Apple came out with the first phones with accessible Lidar sensor.
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Recently, through work at the university I got access to a device with a lidar sensor and started having fun with it.
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See some examples here:
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In den letzten Jahren habe ich mit verschiedenen Smartphone-Kameras experimentiert – leider waren meine Scans meist nicht präzise genug, um wirklich etwas damit anzufangen.
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Ein professioneller 3D-Scanner war zu teuer, also bastelte ich mir eine Kombination aus einer **Raspberry-Pi-Kamera** und einem günstigen **TOF-Sensor**.
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Das Setup ist simpel, aber bei weitem nicht so genau wie Laser- oder LiDAR-Sensoren. Dann brachte Apple die ersten Geräte mit **zugänglichem LiDAR** heraus.
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<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="DigiLab Main Room" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/c880892c6b4746bc80717be1f81bf169/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
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Durch meine Arbeit an der Universität hatte ich schließlich Zugriff auf ein Gerät mit LiDAR und begann, damit zu experimentieren.
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Ein paar Beispiele siehst du hier:
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<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="VR Room DigiLab" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/144b63002d004fb8ab478316e573da2e/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
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<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="DigiLab Hauptraum" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/c880892c6b4746bc80717be1f81bf169/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
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This last one was scanned with just my smartphone camera. You can see that the quality is notably worse, but considering is was created with just a single, run-of-the-mill smartphone sensor, I think it is still pretty impressive and will certainly do something towards democratizing such technologies and abilities.
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<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="VR-Raum DigiLab" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/144b63002d004fb8ab478316e573da2e/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
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Der letzte Scan hier wurde nur mit einer **Smartphone-Kamera** erstellt.
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Man erkennt deutlich, dass die Qualität geringer ist, aber angesichts der einfachen Technik finde ich das Ergebnis beeindruckend –
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und es zeigt, wie sehr solche Technologien gerade **demokratisiert** werden.
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<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="Digitallabor UOS" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/2f5cff5b08d243f2b2ceb94d788b9cd6/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
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## Perspective
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## Perspektive
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What this section is supposed to deliver is the message that I am currently not where I want to be navigating the vast possibilities of CAD. I feel confident enough to approach small repairs around the flat with a new perspective, but I still lack technical expertise when approaching a collection composite parts, having to function together. I still have lots of projects halfdone or half-thought and one major reason is that there is no real critical exchange within my field of study.
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Was dieser Abschnitt zeigen soll: Ich bin beim Thema **CAD** noch nicht da, wo ich gerne wäre.
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Ich fühle mich sicher genug, um kleine Reparaturen im Alltag anzugehen,
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aber beim **Konstruieren komplexer Bauteilgruppen**, die zusammen funktionieren müssen, fehlt mir noch technisches Know-how.
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Viele meiner Projekte sind halbfertig – einer der Hauptgründe ist der **Mangel an fachlichem Austausch** in meinem Umfeld.
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I want more than designing figurines or wearables.
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I want to incorporate 3D printing as a method to extend the abilities of other tools, have mechanical and electrical purposes, be foodsafe and engaging.
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I fell in love with the idea of designing a toy system, inspired by [Makeways on Kickstarter](https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/makeway/makeway-create-intricate-courses-watch-your-marbles-soar), I have already started adding my own parts to their set.
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Ich möchte mehr als nur Figuren oder Wearables gestalten.
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Ich möchte den **3D-Druck als Werkzeugerweiterung** nutzen –
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für mechanische oder elektrische Anwendungen, lebensmittelechte Objekte, oder einfach Dinge, die begeistern.
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Ich liebe die Idee, ein **Baukastensystem** zu entwickeln.
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Inspiriert von [Makeways auf Kickstarter](https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/makeway/makeway-create-intricate-courses-watch-your-marbles-soar) habe ich bereits angefangen, eigene Teile zu entwerfen.
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I dream of my very own 3D printed coffeecup, one that is both foodsafe and dishwasher-surviving. For that, I would have to do quite a bit of material research, but that just makes the idea so much more appealing.
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I would love finding a material composition incorporating waste to stop relying on plastics, or at least on fossile plastics.
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Once in Berlin, I would want to talk to the people at [Kaffeform](https://www.kaffeeform.com/en/) producing largely compostable Coffee Cups incorporating a significant amount of old ground espresso, albeit using injection molding for their process.
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The industry selling composite filaments is much more conservative with the percentage of non-plastic additives, because with a nozzle extrusion process there is much more to go wrong.
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Still, I would love to explore that avenue further and think there is a lot to be gained from looking at pellet printers.
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Ein Traum von mir ist eine **eigene 3D-gedruckte Kaffeetasse**, die sowohl **spülmaschinenfest als auch lebensmittelecht** ist.
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Dafür müsste ich viel Materialforschung betreiben – aber genau das macht es spannend.
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Ich möchte ein Material finden, das **Abfälle** einbezieht, um weniger von **fossilen Kunststoffen** abhängig zu sein.
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In Berlin möchte ich mich mit den Leuten von [Kaffeform](https://www.kaffeeform.com/de/) austauschen, die **kompostierbare Becher** aus gebrauchten Espressoresten herstellen (wenn auch per Spritzgussverfahren).
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I also credit huge parts of my exploration process into local recycling to the awesome people at [Precious Plastic](https://preciousplastic.com), who I will join over the summer to learn more about their system.
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Die Hersteller von **Komposit-Filamenten** sind bei der Beimischung nicht-plastischer Stoffe sehr vorsichtig,
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weil der **Extrusionsprozess** durch Düsen leicht fehleranfällig ist.
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Trotzdem glaube ich, dass gerade in diesem Bereich noch viel Potenzial steckt – besonders mit **Pelletdruckern**.
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I find it hard to write anything about CAD without connecting it directly to a manufacturing process.
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And I believe that's a good thing. Always tying a design process to its realization, grounds the process and attaches to it some immediacy.
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Große Teile meiner Auseinandersetzung mit **lokalem Recycling** verdanke ich den großartigen Leuten von [Precious Plastic](https://preciousplastic.com), deren Open-Source-Designs mich sehr inspiriert haben.
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Ich finde es schwer, über CAD zu schreiben, ohne gleichzeitig über den **Herstellungsprozess** zu sprechen –
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und ich halte das für etwas Gutes.
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Design und Umsetzung gehören für mich zusammen.
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For me to become more confident in this process, I am still missing more expertise in organic shapes, so I would be happy to dig more into Blender, an awesome tool that in my mind is far too powerful to dive into it with just youtube lessons.
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Um noch sicherer zu werden, möchte ich mich stärker auf **organische Formen** konzentrieren.
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Deshalb will ich tiefer in **Blender** einsteigen – ein großartiges Tool, das viel zu mächtig ist, um es nur über YouTube zu lernen.
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## Software that I have used and like
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## Software, die ich nutze und mag
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<div class="buttons">
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<a class="colored external" href="https://alicevision.org/#meshroom">AliceVision Meshroom</a>
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<a class="colored external" href="https://scaniverse.com/">Scaniverse</a>
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<a class="colored external" href="https://sketchfab.com/arontaupe">My Sketchfab Profile</a>
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<a class="colored external" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lvonasek.arcore3dscanner&hl=en&gl=US">3D Live Scanner for Android</a>
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<a class="colored external" href="https://sketchfab.com/arontaupe">Mein Sketchfab-Profil</a>
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<a class="colored external" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lvonasek.arcore3dscanner&hl=de&gl=DE">3D Live Scanner für Android</a>
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</div>
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