awebsite/content/project/2018-07-05-cad/index.md
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title = "3D Modeling and CAD"
date = 2018-07-05
authors = ["Aron Petau"]
description = "Modelling and Scanning in 3D using Fusion360, Sketchfab, and Photogrammetry"
[taxonomies]
tags = [
"3D printing",
"design for printing",
"functional design",
"fusion360",
"parametric modelling",
"photogrammetry",
"polycam",
"private",
"scaniverse",
"sketchfab",
"university of osnabrück",
"virtual reality",
"work",
]
[extra]
banner = "render_bike_holder.png"
show_copyright = true
show_shares = true
+++
## 3D Modeling and CAD
### Designing 3D Objects
While learning about 3D printing, I was most intrigued by the possibility of modifying and repairing existing products. While theres an amazing community with many good and free models available, I naturally reached a point where I couldnt find what I was looking for already designed. I realized that this is an essential skill for effectively operating not just 3D printers, but really any kind of productive machine.
Since YouTube was where I learned everything about 3D printing, and all the people I looked up to there were using Fusion 360 as their CAD program, thats what I got into.
In hindsight, it was a pretty good choice — I fell in love with the possibilities that parametric design gives me.
Below youll find some of my designs.
The process is something I deeply enjoy and want to explore even more.
Through trial and error, Ive already learned a lot about designing specifically for 3D printing. But I often feel that I lack a deeper understanding of aesthetic considerations in design.
I want to broaden my general ability to design physical objects, something I hope to gain during my masters.
<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539feb2bfae6da3d872?mode=embed"
width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c53974bf27fea6ee1a20?mode=embed"
width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539ed795f9645d8b981?mode=embed"
width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539bc7225ced67e5e92?mode=embed"
width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c5397f64c69f2093b1b5?mode=embed"
width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<iframe src="https://myhub.autodesk360.com/ue2cf184b/shares/public/SH9285eQTcf875d3c539e8166aea2f430aed?mode=embed"
width="100%" height="600" allowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" frameborder="0"></iframe>
{{ image(url="/images/breast_candle.jpg", alt="A candle made of a 3D scan, found on <https://hiddenbeauty.ch/>", pixels=true, start=true) }}
Check out more of my finished designs in the Prusaprinters (now Printables) Community
<div class="buttons">
<a class="colored external" href="https://www.printables.com/social/97957-arontaupe/models">My Printables Profile</a>
</div>
{{ image(url="/images/vulva_candle.jpg", alt="A candle created with a 3D printed mold made in Fusion360", pixels=true, start=true) }}
## 3D Scanning and Photogrammetry
Besides coming up with new objects, incorporating the real world is also an interest of mine.
### Interaction with real objects and environments
In the last few years, I played around with a few smartphone cameras and was always quite sad that my scans were never accurate enough to do cool stuff with them.
I couldnt really afford a proper 3D scanner and had already started cobbling together a Raspberry Pi camera with a cheap TOF sensor.
That setup is simple, but not nearly as precise as a laser or LiDAR sensor. Then Apple released the first phones with accessible LiDAR sensors.
Recently, through work at the university, I got access to a device with a LiDAR sensor and started having fun with it.
See some examples here:
<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="DigiLab Main Room" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/c880892c6b4746bc80717be1f81bf169/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="VR Room DigiLab" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/144b63002d004fb8ab478316e573da2e/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
This last one was scanned with just my smartphone camera. You can see that the quality is notably worse, but considering it was created with just a single, run-of-the-mill smartphone sensor, I think its still pretty impressive — and will certainly help democratize such technologies and capabilities.
<div class="sketchfab-embed-wrapper"> <iframe title="Digitallabor UOS" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true" allow="autoplay; fullscreen; xr-spatial-tracking" xr-spatial-tracking execution-while-out-of-viewport execution-while-not-rendered web-share width="800" height="600" src="https://sketchfab.com/models/2f5cff5b08d243f2b2ceb94d788b9cd6/embed?ui_theme=dark&dnt=1"> </iframe> </div>
## Perspective
What this section is supposed to deliver is the message that I am currently not where I want to be when navigating the vast possibilities of CAD.
I feel confident enough to approach small repairs around the flat with a new perspective, but I still lack technical expertise when it comes to designing collections of composite parts that have to function together. I still have lots of projects half-done or half-thought — and one major reason is the lack of critical exchange within my field of study.
I want more than designing figurines or wearables.
I want to incorporate 3D printing as a method to extend the abilities of other tools — to serve mechanical or electrical purposes, be food-safe and engaging.
I fell in love with the idea of designing a toy system. Inspired by [Makeways on Kickstarter](https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/makeway/makeway-create-intricate-courses-watch-your-marbles-soar), Ive already started adding my own parts to their set.
I dream of my very own 3D printed coffee cup — one that is both food-safe and dishwasher-safe.
For that, Id have to do quite a bit of material research, but that only makes the idea more appealing.
Id love to find a material composition incorporating waste, to stop relying on plastics — or at least on fossil-based ones.
Once in Berlin, I want to connect with the people at [Kaffeform](https://www.kaffeeform.com/en/), who produce largely compostable coffee cups incorporating a significant amount of used espresso grounds (albeit using injection molding).
The industry selling composite filaments is much more conservative with the percentage of non-plastic additives, because a nozzle extrusion process is much more error-prone.
Still, I would love to explore that avenue further and think theres a lot to be gained from looking at pellet printers.
I also credit huge parts of my exploration into local recycling to the awesome people at [Precious Plastic](https://preciousplastic.com), whose open source designs helped me out a lot.
I find it hard to write anything about CAD without connecting it directly to a manufacturing process.
And I believe thats a good thing. Always tying a design process to its realization grounds the process and gives it a certain immediacy.
To become more confident in this process, I still need more expertise in designing organic shapes.
Thats why Id love to dive deeper into Blender — an awesome tool that in my mind is far too powerful to learn solely through YouTube lessons.
## Software that I have used and like
<div class="buttons">
<a class="colored external" href="https://alicevision.org/#meshroom">AliceVision Meshroom</a>
<a class="colored external" href="https://scaniverse.com/">Scaniverse</a>
<a class="colored external" href="https://sketchfab.com/arontaupe">My Sketchfab Profile</a>
<a class="colored external" href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lvonasek.arcore3dscanner&hl=en&gl=US">3D Live Scanner for Android</a>
</div>